The issue of good governance and growing insurgencies in various provinces of Afghanistan has widely been discussed in Afghan print and electronic media since the beginning of the year 2006. The people of Afghanistan, non-governmental organizations and international community are in trouble due to the day-to-day increasing cycle of violence and insecurity in the country.
Good governance is essential for fostering the development of security and economic recovery. Post–conflict’ peace and reconstruction process in Afghanistan totally depends on the expansion of institutionalized economic interdependence. The complexity of peace building, its chances and challenges in the south and western Afghan provinces need to be considered. The main objective must be to create a better understanding of NATO’s engagement in peace support operations by examining the various tasks of ISAF and to assess the future prospects of this war-torn country.
Since governance is the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented, an analysis of governance focuses on the formal and informal actors involved in decision-making and implementing the decisions made and the formal and informal structures that have been set in place to arrive at and implement the decision. Originally, the term "good governance" referred to efficient public sector management, accountability and controls, decentralization and transparency. The language of ‘good governance’ among the donor community appears to limit its definition to the democratic or human rights content of it.
In other words, governance has not been properly carried out, fully using all the potentials of governmental institutions. Thus, governance should never be exclusively self-centered. This applies to religions, nations, races, businesses and families. The scholars have long identified the issue of governance in Afghanistan as a prerequisite for the development of the country. After the collapse of Taliban regime in 2001, The joint Assessment for Recovery and Reconstruction of Afghanistan (2002) conducted by the Asia Development Bank, UNDP, and the World Bank, has rightly emphasized governance and good governance as crucial aspects for the reconstruction of Afghanistan. Although, international community time and again calling the deteriorating situation in Afghanistan because of bad governance but still nothing notable has not been seen.
Security continues to be a prerequisite for political development and economic growth. Security cannot be achieved only by securing the state, but also requires removing the threats faced by the vast majority of Afghan citizens.
Post-conflict peace building, stability and maintaining law and order in a country like Afghanistan is a difficult job not only for the Afghans themselves but for their US and NATO friends as well. Issues of insecurity, criminal economy, unemployment, growing insurgency and corruption are the matter of great concern. Although, international security forces who will leave Afghanistan next year and all the security responsibility handed over to Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) but still As a security and stabilization force, the ISAF is still striving to bring peace to Afghanistan.
Security in Afghanistan is to be improved by creating employment opportunities and people engagement in various activities. In southern Afghanistan, the blame for the lack of security is falls on a number of heavily armed regional warlords and their subordinate militia commanders who assist the opponent forces against the government.
The United States is working with the Afghan government on the issue of permanent peace process in Afghanistan.
The importance of the police to Afghanistan’s efforts to build state institutions is hard to overstate. Consider revenue: Afghanistan currently raises only enough revenue to cover less then 50% of its budget, estimated by the United Nations as the one of the lowest percentages in the world. Most of the unemployed are returning refugees from Pakistan and Iran, left stranded by the failure of the Afghan economy to pick up. Others swelling the jobless ranks include school and university leavers. In view of all these governance challenges, the government of Afghanistan has intended to enforce the Taliban era strict Islamic laws.
The Department for the Prevention of Vice and the Promotion of Virtue, one of the most feared Taliban-era institutions, is returning under the current U.S.-backed government. However, jobless and disappointed young and old people are joining the Taliban militia every month and every year, this is a growing concern for Coalition and the Afghan government