Human societies left a bloody history behind and men’s selfishness led to perilous wars within centuries. The cruel practices and ethnocentric emotion inflicted heavy casualties upon nations in many parts of the world. The three decades of religious war in Europe and deadly war in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995 reveal the ugly face of wars and violence. The Peace of Westphalia, which was a series of peace treaties signed between May and October 1648, ended the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) of religion in the Holy Roman Empire.
To view the casualties in Bosnian war, estimates of the total number of casualties have ranged from 25,000 to 329,000. The variations are partly the result of the use of inconsistent definitions of who can be considered victims of the war, as some research calculated only direct casualties of military activity while other research included those who died from hunger, cold, disease or other war conditions. Early over-counts were also the result of many victims being entered in both civilian and military lists because little systematic coordination of those lists took place in wartime conditions. The death toll was originally estimated in 1994 at around 200,000 by Cherif Bassiouni, head of the UN expert commission investigating war crimes.
To one’s unmitigated chagrin, the history repeats itself in human societies and war and violence continue unabated around the globe, mainly in terrorist-stricken countries. According to UN’s report, approximately 400,000 Syrians have been killed in the conflict that dates back to a 2011 popular uprising against Assad’s regime, about five million have fled into neighboring countries over the years, while six million remain internally displaced. Hence, the number of casualties in Syria has surpassed the fatality rate caused in Bosnia’s war – this is a great matter of concern.
Human societies are still involved in religious and ideological wars despite leaving a tragic history behind – which rooted in lack of religious tolerance and radical ideology. Currently, Islamic societies suffer the labor of parochial mindsets giving birth to radicalism – however some political hands are also believed to work behind the veil. As a result, the self-proclaimed Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) is the product of both radical narration of religion and political game played mysteriously. The terrorist networks violate human rights and humanitarian law for one reason or another without an iota of mercy. They seek to impose their ideology with gunpoint and killed people on the grounds of their race and color – these issues were the main reasons behind historical wars. In a nutshell, it is terribly sad to see that the destructive wars were not an eye-opener for human societies and they still spill the blood of one another for claiming superiority and thirst for power. With the high graph of casualties in Syria and continuation of war, which has also involved super powers, it is believed that this war is more perilous than one in Bosnia, since these heavy casualties have come without a positive result. 
The terrorist networks spread fear and hatred around the globe and trigger a sense of mistrust among the countries. It goes without saying that the ISIL fighters blackmail the entire world through violence and bloodshed. For instance, within the last two years, the militants carried out terrorist attacks in the US, Germany, French, etc. which generated Islamophobia in Europe and America.
2016 was a highly bloody and tragic year for Afghan nation as the graph of fatality rate mounted to a great extent. Members of the Taliban also come from radical background and refuse to hold talks with Afghan government. The people of Afghanistan suffered not only under their regime but continue to undergo militancy. Thus, terrorism and insurgency are the main reasons behind the current challenges as people lose their lives or take refuge to Europe.
“To put it figuratively in biblical language, we have left the dusty soils of Egypt and crossed a Red Sea whose waters had for years been hardened by a long and piercing winter of massive resistance. But before we reach the majestic shores of the Promised Land, there is a frustrating and bewildering wilderness ahead. We must still face prodigious hilltops of opposition and gigantic mountains of resistance. But with patient and firm determination we will press on until every valley of despair is exalted to new peaks of hope, until every mountain of pride and irrationality is made low by the leveling process of humility and compassion…” these words were spoken by Martin Luther King in Nobel Lecture about peace and justice on December, 1964.

When the spirit of brotherhood and religious tolerance are not exercised among human societies and men’s selfishness keep on ruling, peace and stability will never emerge. The fatal wars led to indescribable loss must be an eye-opener for the world and the international families must strengthen unity and join forces to eliminate all terrorist networks and sanctuaries regardless of their geographical boundaries. Terrorism has put the world in a serious predicament and national and international conferences and meetings have yet to find out the last solution. The International community will have to put an end to the current wars to prevent from further casualties and prosecute the human rights violators.